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Butterfly
USA vs NFHS Differences
USA
Hands are required to be separated, if stacking of hands is observed upon touching the wall official will disqualify swimmer for one hand touch
NFHS
Hands are NOT required to be separated, stacking permitted
Backstroke
USA
Some part of the swimmer's body must touch the wall at each turn.
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During turn shoulders may be past vertical toward breast with an immediate continuous single or simultaneous double arm pull to initiate the turn.
NFHS
Permits rotation from back onto breast once the swimmer's head has passed the backstroke flags; thereafter, swimmer may take a single arm pull or simultaneous double arm pull whether or not the swimmer bends the body to perform a flip turn the swimmer may continue kicking, and may, while on the breast, perform an open turn without bending the body prior to the wall
Breaststroke
USA
USA does not prohibit sculling
Hands are required to be separated, if stacking of hands is observed upon touching the wall official will disqualify swimmer for one hand touch
NFHS
Rule 8-2-2-d prohibits sculling at the end of the first arm stroke following start/ turn.
Hands are NOT required to be separated, stacking permitted
Freestyle
USA
NFHS
No rule differences
Individual Medley (IM)
USA
The interpretation by USA indicates that the swimmer must be on the breast (ie. shoulders in the vertical plane rotating toward the breast) when the feet leave the wall - a subtle difference from the NFHS rule)
NFHS
For the final leg of the IM, the swimmer must assume a position on the breast (shoulders past the vertical rotating toward the breast) before making any propulsive movement (kick, armstroke, etc) following the transition from the breastroke leg to the freestyle leg
Relays
USA
NFHS